ROUTE.EXE
Command to manually configure the routes in the routing table.
ROUTE [-f] [-p] [command [destination] [MASK netmask] [gateway] [METRIC metric] [IF interface]
| -f | Clears the routing tables of all gateway entries. If this is used in conjunction with one of the commands, the tables are cleared prior to running the command. |
| -p | When used with the ADD command, makes a route persistent across boots of the system. By default, routes are not preserved when the system is restarted. When used with the PRINT command, displays the list of registered persistent routes. Ignored for all other commands, which always affect the appropriate persistent routes. |
| command | One of these: PRINT Prints a route ADD Adds a route DELETE Deletes a route CHANGE Modifies an existing route destination |
| destination | Specifies the host. |
| MASK | Specifies that the next parameter is the 'netmask' value. |
| netmask | Specifies a subnet mask value for this route entry. If not specified, it defaults to 255.255.255.255. |
| gateway | Specifies gateway. |
| interface | the interface number for the specified route. |
| METRIC | Specifies the metric, ie. cost for the destination. |
All symbolic names used for destination are looked up in the network database file NETWORKS. The symbolic names for gateway are looked up in the host name database file HOSTS.
If the command is PRINT or DELETE. Destination or gateway can be a wildcard, (wildcard is specified as a star '*'), or the gateway argument may be omitted.
If Dest contains a * or ?, it is treated as a shell pattern, and only matching destination routes are printed. The '*' matches any string, and '?' matches any one char. Examples: 157.*.1, 157.*, 127.*, *224*.
Diagnostic Notes:
Invalid MASK generates an error, that is when (DEST & MASK) != DEST.
Example> route ADD 157.0.0.0 MASK 155.0.0.0 157.55.80.1 IF 1
The route addition failed: The specified mask parameter is invalid.
(Destination & Mask) != Destination.
SFC.EXE
Scans and replaces any Microsoft Windows file on the computer and replaces any changed file with the correct version.
This is a great command to run when you are running into an issue that is difficult to troubleshoot.
SFC [/SCANNOW] [/SCANONCE] [/SCANBOOT] [/REVERT] [/PURGECACHE][/CACHESIZE=x]
| /SCANNOW | Scans all protected system files immediately. |
| /SCANONCE | Scans all protected system files once at the next boot. |
| /SCANBOOT | Scans all protected system files at every boot. |
| /REVERT | Return scan to default setting. |
| /PURGECACHE | Purges the file cache. |
| /CACHESIZE=x | Sets the file cache size. |
PING.EXE
Helps in determining TCP/IP Networks IP address as well as determine issues with the network andassists in resolving them.
ping [-t] [-a] [-n count] [-l size] [-f] [-i TTL] [-v TOS] [-r count] [-s count] [[-j host-list] | [-k host-list]] [-w timeout] destination-list
| Options: | |
| -t | Pings the specified host until stopped.
To see statistics and continue - type Control-Break;
To stop - type Control-C. |
| -a | Resolve addresses to hostnames. |
| -n count | Number of echo requests to send. |
| -l size | Send buffer size. |
| -f | Set Don't Fragment flag in packet. |
| -i TTL | Time To Live. |
| -v TOS | Type Of Service. |
| -r count | Record route for count hops. |
| -s count | Timestamp for count hops. |
| -j host-list | Loose source route along host-list. |
| -k host-list | Strict source route along host-list. |
| -w timeout | Timeout in milliseconds to wait for each reply. |
NETSTAT.EXE
The netstat command is used to display the TCP/IP networkprotocol statistics and information.
netstat [-a] [-e] [-n] [-s] [-p proto] [-r] [interval]
| -a | Displays all connections and listening ports. |
| -e | Displays Ethernet statistics. This may be combined with the -s option. |
| -n | Displays addresses and port numbers in numerical form. |
| -p | proto Shows connections for the protocol specified by proto proto may be TCP or UDP. If used with the -s option to display per-protocol statistics, proto may be TCP, UDP, or IP. |
| -r | Displays the routing table. |
| -s | Displays per-protocol statistics. By default, statistics are shown for TCP, UDP and IP; the -p option may be used to specify a subset of the default. |
| interval | Redisplays selected statistics, pausing interval seconds between each display. Press CTRL+C to stop redisplaying statistics. If omitted, netstat will print the current configuration information once. |
NET.EXE
The net command is used to update, fix, or view the network or network settings. Listed in the Syntax we have listed each of netcommands.
| NET CONFIG | Displays your current workgroup settings. NET CONFIG [/YES] | /YES | Carries out the NET CONFIG command without
first prompting you to provide information or
confirm actions. | |
| NET DIAG | Runs the Microsoft Network Diagnostics program to test the hardware connection between two computers and to display information about a single computer.
NET DIAGNOSTICS [/NAMES | /STATUS]
| /NAMES | Specifies a diagnostic server name in order to avoid conflicts when NET DIAG is used simultaneously by multiple users. This option works only when the network uses a NetBIOS protocol. | | /STATUS | Enables you to specify a computer about which you want network diagnostics information.
| |
| NET HELP | Displays information about NET commands and error messages. command /?
NET HELP [suffix]
NET HELP errornum
| command /? | Specifies the Microsoft NET command that you want information about. | | suffix | Specifies the second word of the command you want information about. For example, the suffix of NET VIEW is VIEW. | | errornum | Specifies the number of the error message that you want information about. | |
| NET INIT | Loads protocol and network-adapter drivers without binding them to Protocol Manager. This command may be required if you are using a third-party network-adapter driver. You can then bind the drivers to Protocol Manager by typing NET START NETBIND. NET INITIALIZE [/DYNAMIC]
| /DYNAMIC | Loads the Protocol Manager dynamically. This is useful with some third-party networks, such as Banyan(R) VINES(R), to resolve memory problems. | |
| NET LOGOFF | Breaks the connection between your computer and the shared resources to which it is connected. NET LOGOFF [/YES]
| /YES | Carries out the NET LOGOFF command without first prompting you to provide information or confirm actions. | |
| NET LOGON | Identifies you as a member of a workgroup. NET LOGON [user [password | ?]] [/DOMAIN:name] [/YES] [/SAVEPW:NO]
| user | Specifies the name that identifies you in your workgroup. The name you specify can contain up to 20 characters. | | password | The unique string of characters that authorizes you to gain access to your password-list file. The password can contain up to 14 characters. | | ? | Specifies that you want to be prompted for your password. | | /DOMAIN | Specifies that you want to log on to a Microsoft Windows NT or LAN Manager domain. name Specifies the Windows NT or LAN Manager domain you want to log on to. | | /YES | Carries out the NET LOGON command without first prompting you to provide information or confirm actions. | | /SAVEPW:NO | Carries out the NET LOGON command without prompting you to create a password-list file. | If you would rather be prompted to type your user name and password instead of specifying them in the NET LOGON command line, type NET LOGON without options. |
| NET PASSWORD | Changes your logon password. NET PASSWORD [oldpassword [newpassword]]
NET PASSWORD \computer | /DOMAIN:name [user [oldpassword [newpassword]]]
| oldpassword | Specifies your current password. | | newpassword | Specifies your new password. It can have as many as 14 characters. | | computer | Specifies the Windows NT or LAN Manager server on which you want to change your password. | | /DOMAIN | Specifies that you want to change your
password on a Windows NT or LAN Manager domain.
name Specifies the Windows NT or LAN Manager domain on which
you want to change your password. | | user | Specifies your Windows NT or LAN Manager user name. | The first syntax line above is for changing the password for your password-list file. The second syntax line above is for changing your password on a Windows NT or LAN Manager server or domain. |
| NET PRINT | Displays information about print queues and controls print jobs. NET PRINT \computer[printer] | port [/YES]
NET PRINT \computer | port [job# [/PAUSE | /RESUME | /DELETE]] [/YES]
| computer | Specifies the name of the computer whose print queue you want information about. | | printer | Specifies the name of the printer you want information about. | | port | Specifies the name of the parallel (LPT) port on your computer that is connected to the printer you want information about. | | job# | Specifies the number assigned to a queued print job. You can specify the below options. | | /PAUSE | Pauses a print job. | | /RESUME | Restarts a print job that has been paused. | | /DELETE | Cancels a print job. | | /YES | Carries out the NET PRINT command without first prompting you to provide information or confirm actions. | When you specify the name of a computer by using the NET PRINT command, you receive information about the print queues on each of the shared printers that are connected to the computer. |
| NET SEND | NET SEND {name | * | /DOMAIN[:name] | /USERS} message Sends messages to other users, computers, or messaging names on the network. The Messenger service must be running to receive messages. You can send a message only to an name that is active on the network. If the message is sent to a username, that user must be logged on and running the Messenger service to receive the message. | name | Is the username, computername, or messaging name to send the message to. If the name is a computername that contains blank characters, enclose the alias in quotation marks (" "). | | * | Sends the message to all the names in your group. | | /DOMAIN[:name] | Sends the message to all the names in the workstation domain. If name is specified, the message is sent to all the names in the specified domain or workgroup. | | /USERS | Sends the message to all users connected to the server. | | message | Is text to be sent as a message. | |
| NET SHARE | NET SHARE sharename
="0"> | sharename=drive:path | [/USERS:number | /UNLIMITED]
[/REMARK:"text"]
[/CACHE:Manual | Automatic | No ] | | sharename | [/USERS:number | /UNLIMITED]
[/REMARK:"text"]
[/CACHE:Manual | Automatic | No ] | | {sharename | devicename | drive:path} | /DELETE | |
| NET START | Starts services. NOTE: Services cannot be started from a command prompt within Windows. NET START [BASIC | NWREDIR | WORKSTATION | NETBIND | NETBEUI | NWLINK] [/LIST] [/YES] [/VERBOSE]
| BASIC | Starts the basic redirector. | | NWREDIR | Starts the Microsoft Novell(R) compatible redirector. | | WORKSTATION | Starts the default redirector. | | NETBIND | Binds protocols and network-adapter drivers. | | NETBEUI | Starts the NetBIOS interface. | | NWLINK | Starts the IPX/SPX-compatible interface. | | /LIST | Displays a list of the services that are running. | | /YES | Carries out the NET START command without first prompting you to provide information or confirm actions. | | /VERBOSE | Displays information about device drivers and services as they are loaded. | To start the workgroup redirector you selected during Setup, type NET START without options. In general, you don't need to use any of the options. |
| NET STOP | Stops services. NOTE: Services cannot be stopped from a command prompt within Windows.
NET STOP [BASIC | NWREDIR | WORKSTATION | NETBEUI | NWLINK] [/YES]
| NET STOP | Stops the basic redirector. | | BASIC | Stops the basic redirector. | | NWREDIR | Stops the Microsoft Novell(R) compatible redirector. | | WORKSTATION | Stops the default redirector. | | NETBEUI | Stops the NetBIOS interface. | | NWLINK | Stops the IPX/SPX compatible interface. | | /YES | Carries out the NET STOP command without first prompting you to provide information or confirm actions. | To stop the workgroup redirector, type NET STOP without options. This breaks all your connections to shared resources and removes the NET commands from your computer's memory. |
| NET TIME | Displays the time on or synchronizes your computer's clock with the shared clock on a Microsoft Windows for Workgroups, Windows NT, Windows 95, or NetWare time server. NET TIME [\computer | /WORKGROUP:wgname] [/SET] [/YES]
| computer | Specifies the name of the computer (time server) whose time you want to check or synchronize your computer's clock with. | | /WORKGROUP | Specifies that you want to use the clock on a computer (time server) in another workgroup. | | wgname | Specifies the name of the workgroup containing a computer whose clock you want to check or synchronize your computer's clock with. If there are multiple time servers in that workgroup, NET TIME uses the first one it finds. | | /SET | Synchronizes your computer's clock with the clock on the computer or workgroup you specify. | | /YES | Carries out the NET TIME command without first prompting you to provide information or confirm actions. | |
| NET USE | Connects or disconnects your computer from a shared resource or displays information about your connections. NET USE [drive: | *] [\computerdirectory [password | ?]]
[/SAVEPW:NO] [/YES] [/NO]
NET USE [port:] [\computerprinter [password | ?]]
[/SAVEPW:NO] [/YES] [/NO] NET USE drive: | \computerdirectory /DELETE [/YES]
NET USE port: | \computerprinter /DELETE [/YES]
NET USE * /DELETE [/YES] NET USE drive: | * /HOME
| drive | Specifies the drive letter you assign to a shared directory. | | * | Specifies the next available drive letter. If used with /DELETE, specifies to disconnect all of your connections. | | port | Specifies the parallel (LPT) port name you assign to a shared printer. | | computer | Specifies the name of the computer sharing the resource. | | directory | Specifies the name of the shared directory. | | printer | Specifies the name of the shared printer. | | password | Specifies the password for the shared resource, if any. | | ? | Specifies that you want to be prompted for the password of the shared resource. You don't need to use this option unless the password is optional. | | /SAVEPW:NO | Specifies that the password you type should not be saved in your password-list file. You need to retype the password the next time you connect to this resource. | | /YES | Carries out the NET USE command without first prompting you to provide information or confirm actions. | | /DELETE | Breaks the specified connection to a shared
resource. | | /NO | Carries out the NET USE command, responding with NO automatically when you are prompted to confirm actions. | | /HOME | Makes a connection to your HOME directory if one is specified in your LAN Manager or Windows NT user account. | To list all of your connections, type NET USE without options. |
| NET VER | Displays the type and version number of the workgroup redirector you are using. NET VER |
| NET VIEW | Displays a list of computers in a specified workgroup or
the shared resources available on a specified computer. NET VIEW [\computer] [/YES]
NET VIEW [/WORKGROUP:wgname] [/YES]
| computer | Specifies the name of the computer whose shared resources you want to see listed. | | /WORKGROUP | Specifies that you want to view the names of the computers in another workgroup that share resources. | | wgname | Specifies the name of the workgroup whose computer names you want to view. | | /YES | Carries out the NET VIEW command without first prompting you to provide information or confirm actions. | To display a list of computers in your workgroup that share
resources, type NET VIEW without options. |
IPCONFIG.EXE
Ipconfig is a DOS utility which can be used from MS-DOS and a MS-DOS shell to display the network settings currently assigned and given by a network. This command can be utilized to verify a network connection as well as to verify your network settings.
| /All | Display detailed information. |
| /Batch [file] | Write to file or ./WINIPCFG.OUT |
| /renew_all | Renew all adapters. |
| /release_all | Release all adapters. |
| /renew N | Renew adapter N. |
| /release N | Release adapter N. |
FC.EXE
FC, or file compare, is used to compare two files against each other. Once completed, fc will return lines which differ between the two files. If no lines differ, you willreceive a message indicating no differences encountered.
FC [/A] [/C] [/L] [/LBn] [/N] [/T] [/W] [/nnnn] [drivϳ:][patБ]filenamϳ [drivϴ:][patВ]filenamϴ
FC /B [drive1:][patБ]filename1 [drive2:][patВ]filename2
| /A | Displays only first and last lines for each set of differences. |
| /B | Performs a binary comparison. |
| /C | Disregards the case of letters. |
| /L | Compares files as ASCII text. |
| /LBn | Sets the maximum consecutive mismatches to the specified number of lines. |
| /N | Displays the line numbers on an ASCII comparison. |
| /T | Does not expand tabs to spaces. |
| /W | Compresses white space (tabs and spaces) for comparison. |
| /nnnn | Specifies the number of consecutive lines that must match after a mismatch. |
| [drive1:][patБ]filename1 | Specifies the first file or set of files to compare. |
| [drivϴ:][patВ]filenamϴ | Specifies the second file or set of files to compare. |
CHKDSK.EXE
Chkdsk is a utility which checks the computer's hard disk drives' status for any cross-linked or any additional errors with the hard disk drive.
CHKDSK [volume[[path]filename]]] [/F] [/V] [/R] [/X] [/I] [/C] [/L[:size]]
| volume | Specifies the drive letter (followed by a colon), mount point, or volume name. |
| filename | FAT only: Specifies the files to check for fragmentation. |
| /F | Fixes errors on the disk. |
| /V | On FAT/FAT32: Displays the full path and name of every file on the disk. |
| /R | Locates bad sectors and recovers readable information (implies /F). |
| /L:size | NTFS only: Changes the log file size to the specified number of kilobytes. If size is not specified, displays current size. |
| /X | Forces the volume to dismount first if necessary. All opened handles to the volume would then be invalid (implies /F). |
| /I | NTFS only: Performs a less vigorous check of index entries. |
| /C | NTFS only: Skips checking of cycles within the folder structure. |
The /I or /C switch reduces the amount of time required to run Chkdsk by skipping certain checks of the volume
Microsoft Windows 2000 and Windows XP users who have NTFS should also consider using the CHKNTFS command.
ATTRIB.EXE
Attrib allows a user to change the properties of a specified file. Using attrib, the user has the capability of changing the file to have any of the below attributes.
Read-only - allowing the file to be only viewed and not written to.
Archived - allowing Microsoft backup and other backup programs to know which files to backup.
Hidden - making the file invisible to standard users.
System - making the file an important system file.
ATTRIB [+R | -R] [+A | -A ] [+S | -S] [+H | -H] [[drive:] [path] filename] [/S [/D]]
| + | Sets an attribute. |
| - | Clears an attribute. |
| R | Read-only file attribute. |
| A | Archive file attribute. |
| S | System file attribute. |
| H | Hidden file attribute. |
| /S | Processes files in all directories in the specified path. |
| /D | Process folders as well. |
AT.EXE
Enables users to schedule tasks to be performed at a specified time and date.
| AT | [\computername] [ [id] [/DELETE] | /DELETE [/YES]] |
| AT | [\computername] time [/INTERACTIVE] |
| [ /EVERY:date[,...] | /NEXT:date[,...]] "command" |
| \computername | Specifies a remote computer. Commands are scheduled on the
local computer if this parameter is omitted. |
| id | Is an identification number assigned to a scheduled command. |
| /delete | Cancels a scheduled command. If id is omitted, all the scheduled commands on the computer are canceled. |
| /yes | Used with cancel all jobs command when no further confirmation is desired. |
| time | Specifies the time when command is to run. |
| /interactive | Allows the job to interact with the desktop of the user who is logged on at the time the job runs. |
| /every:date[,...] | Runs the command on each specified day(s) of the week or month. If date is omitted, the current day of the month is assumed. |
| /next:date[,...] | Runs the specified command on the next occurrence of the day (for example, next Thursday). If date is omitted, the current day of the month is assumed. |
| "command" | Is the Windows NT command, or batch program to be run. |
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Posted 2006-05-12 05:57:38 By Jason
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